network/receivepack: Use dual

14 files changed, 216 insertions, 740 deletions

diff --git a/cmd/receivepack9418/conn.go b/cmd/receivepack9418/conn.go
index e3b4d1ac..755cf022 100644
--- a/cmd/receivepack9418/conn.go
+++ b/cmd/receivepack9418/conn.go
@@ -6,9 +6,13 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"net"
+	"os"
 	"strings"
 
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/network/receivepack"
+	objectdual "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/dual"
+	objectloose "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/loose"
+	objectpacked "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/packed"
 )
 
 func (srv *server) handleConn(conn net.Conn) {
@@ -38,12 +42,24 @@ func (srv *server) handleConn(conn net.Conn) {
 
 	gitProtocol := strings.Join(req.ExtraParameters, ":")
 
+	objectIngress, cleanupObjectIngress, err := srv.openObjectIngress()
+	if err != nil {
+		writeErrPkt(writer, fmt.Sprintf("object ingress unavailable: %v", err))
+		_ = writer.Flush()
+
+		log.Printf("receivepack9418: %s: object ingress unavailable: %v", conn.RemoteAddr(), err)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	defer cleanupObjectIngress()
+
 	opts := receivepack.Options{
 		GitProtocol:     gitProtocol,
 		Algorithm:       srv.repo.Algorithm(),
 		Refs:            srv.repo.Refs(),
 		ExistingObjects: srv.repo.Objects(),
-		ObjectsRoot:     srv.objectsRoot,
+		ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 	}
 
 	err = receivepack.ReceivePack(context.Background(), writer, reader, opts)
@@ -69,3 +85,38 @@ func (srv *server) handleConn(conn net.Conn) {
 		return
 	}
 }
+
+func (srv *server) openObjectIngress() (*objectdual.Dual, func(), error) {
+	err := srv.objectsRoot.Mkdir("pack", 0o755)
+	if err != nil && !os.IsExist(err) {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	packRoot, err := srv.objectsRoot.OpenRoot("pack")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	looseStore, err := objectloose.New(srv.objectsRoot, srv.repo.Algorithm())
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = packRoot.Close()
+
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	packedStore, err := objectpacked.New(packRoot, srv.repo.Algorithm(), objectpacked.Options{WriteRev: true})
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = looseStore.Close()
+		_ = packRoot.Close()
+
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	cleanup := func() {
+		_ = packedStore.Close()
+		_ = looseStore.Close()
+		_ = packRoot.Close()
+	}
+
+	return objectdual.New(looseStore, packedStore), cleanup, nil
+}
diff --git a/network/receivepack/hooks/reject_force_push.go b/network/receivepack/hooks/reject_force_push.go
index ee71e96c..841af31f 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/hooks/reject_force_push.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/hooks/reject_force_push.go
@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ func RejectForcePush() receivepack.Hook {
 
 		objects := objectmix.New(req.QuarantinedObjects, req.ExistingObjects)
 
-		defer func() { _ = objects.Close() }()
-
 		queries := commitquery.New(fetch.New(objects), req.CommitGraph)
 
 		decisions := make([]receivepack.UpdateDecision, len(req.Updates))
diff --git a/network/receivepack/int_test.go b/network/receivepack/int_test.go
index 79662bc1..352bbe7b 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/int_test.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/int_test.go
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ import (
 	receivepack "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/network/receivepack"
 	receivepackhooks "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/network/receivepack/hooks"
 	objectid "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/id"
+	objectstore "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store"
+	objectdual "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/dual"
+	objectloose "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/loose"
+	objectpacked "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/packed"
 )
 
 func TestReceivePackDeleteOnlyAtomicDeleteSucceeds(t *testing.T) {
@@ -301,7 +305,7 @@ func testReceivePackProtocolFallback(t *testing.T, gitProtocol string) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestReceivePackPackRequestWithoutObjectsRootReportsNotConfigured(t *testing.T) {
+func TestReceivePackPackRequestWithoutObjectIngressReportsNotConfigured(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	//nolint:thelper
@@ -334,7 +338,7 @@ func TestReceivePackPackRequestWithoutObjectsRootReportsNotConfigured(t *testing
 		}
 
 		got := output.String()
-		if !strings.Contains(got, "unpack objects root not configured\n") {
+		if !strings.Contains(got, "unpack object ingress not configured\n") {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected receive-pack output %q", got)
 		}
 	})
@@ -352,7 +356,7 @@ func TestReceivePackPackCreatePromotesObjectsAndUpdatesRef(t *testing.T) {
 
 		receiver := testgit.NewRepo(t, testgit.RepoOptions{ObjectFormat: algo, Bare: true})
 		repo := receiver.OpenRepository(t)
-		objectsRoot := receiver.OpenObjectsRoot(t)
+		objectIngress := openReceivePackIngress(t, receiver, algo)
 
 		packStream := sender.PackObjectsReader(t, []string{commitID.String()}, false)
 		t.Cleanup(func() {
@@ -377,7 +381,7 @@ func TestReceivePackPackCreatePromotesObjectsAndUpdatesRef(t *testing.T) {
 				Algorithm:       algo,
 				Refs:            repo.Refs(),
 				ExistingObjects: repo.Objects(),
-				ObjectsRoot:     objectsRoot,
+				ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 			},
 		)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -423,7 +427,7 @@ func TestReceivePackHookSeesQuarantinedObjectsAndCanRejectBeforePromotion(t *tes
 
 		receiver := testgit.NewRepo(t, testgit.RepoOptions{ObjectFormat: algo, Bare: true})
 		repo := receiver.OpenRepository(t)
-		objectsRoot := receiver.OpenObjectsRoot(t)
+		objectIngress := openReceivePackIngress(t, receiver, algo)
 
 		packStream := sender.PackObjectsReader(t, []string{commitID.String()}, false)
 		t.Cleanup(func() {
@@ -449,7 +453,7 @@ func TestReceivePackHookSeesQuarantinedObjectsAndCanRejectBeforePromotion(t *tes
 				Algorithm:       algo,
 				Refs:            repo.Refs(),
 				ExistingObjects: repo.Objects(),
-				ObjectsRoot:     objectsRoot,
+				ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 				Hook: func(ctx context.Context, req receivepack.HookRequest) ([]receivepack.UpdateDecision, error) {
 					hookCalled = true
 
@@ -658,7 +662,7 @@ func TestReceivePackPredefinedRejectForcePushHookRejectsNonFastForward(t *testin
 		testRepo.UpdateRef(t, "refs/heads/main", currentID)
 
 		repo := testRepo.OpenRepository(t)
-		objectsRoot := testRepo.OpenObjectsRoot(t)
+		objectIngress := openReceivePackIngress(t, testRepo, algo)
 		packStream := testRepo.PackObjectsReader(t, []string{forcedID.String(), "^" + currentID.String()}, false)
 		t.Cleanup(func() {
 			_ = packStream.Close()
@@ -682,7 +686,7 @@ func TestReceivePackPredefinedRejectForcePushHookRejectsNonFastForward(t *testin
 				Algorithm:       algo,
 				Refs:            repo.Refs(),
 				ExistingObjects: repo.Objects(),
-				ObjectsRoot:     objectsRoot,
+				ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 				Hook:            receivepackhooks.RejectForcePush(),
 			},
 		)
@@ -765,7 +769,7 @@ func TestReceivePackGitPushCreatesBranch(t *testing.T) {
 
 		receiver := testgit.NewRepo(t, testgit.RepoOptions{ObjectFormat: algo, Bare: true})
 		repo := receiver.OpenRepository(t)
-		objectsRoot := receiver.OpenObjectsRoot(t)
+		objectIngress := openReceivePackIngress(t, receiver, algo)
 
 		stdout, stderr, clientErr, serverErr := runGitPushFD(
 			t,
@@ -774,7 +778,7 @@ func TestReceivePackGitPushCreatesBranch(t *testing.T) {
 				Algorithm:       algo,
 				Refs:            repo.Refs(),
 				ExistingObjects: repo.Objects(),
-				ObjectsRoot:     objectsRoot,
+				ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 			},
 			"push", "--porcelain", "fd::3,4/test", "refs/heads/main:refs/heads/main",
 		)
@@ -815,7 +819,7 @@ func TestReceivePackGitPushRefUpdateWithoutNewObjectsSucceeds(t *testing.T) {
 		receiver.UpdateRef(t, "refs/heads/main", commitID)
 
 		repo := receiver.OpenRepository(t)
-		objectsRoot := receiver.OpenObjectsRoot(t)
+		objectIngress := openReceivePackIngress(t, receiver, algo)
 
 		stdout, stderr, clientErr, serverErr := runGitPushFD(
 			t,
@@ -824,7 +828,7 @@ func TestReceivePackGitPushRefUpdateWithoutNewObjectsSucceeds(t *testing.T) {
 				Algorithm:       algo,
 				Refs:            repo.Refs(),
 				ExistingObjects: repo.Objects(),
-				ObjectsRoot:     objectsRoot,
+				ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 			},
 			"push", "--porcelain", "fd::3,4/test", "refs/heads/main:refs/heads/topic",
 		)
@@ -911,7 +915,7 @@ func TestReceivePackGitPushRejectsForcedUpdateViaHook(t *testing.T) {
 		receiver.UpdateRef(t, "refs/heads/main", currentID)
 
 		repo := receiver.OpenRepository(t)
-		objectsRoot := receiver.OpenObjectsRoot(t)
+		objectIngress := openReceivePackIngress(t, receiver, algo)
 
 		stdout, stderr, clientErr, serverErr := runGitPushFD(
 			t,
@@ -920,7 +924,7 @@ func TestReceivePackGitPushRejectsForcedUpdateViaHook(t *testing.T) {
 				Algorithm:       algo,
 				Refs:            repo.Refs(),
 				ExistingObjects: repo.Objects(),
-				ObjectsRoot:     objectsRoot,
+				ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 				Hook:            receivepackhooks.RejectForcePush(),
 			},
 			"push", "--porcelain", "--force", "fd::3,4/test", "refs/heads/main:refs/heads/main",
@@ -960,6 +964,50 @@ func pktlineData(payload string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%04x%s", len(payload)+4, payload)
 }
 
+func openReceivePackIngress(
+	tb testing.TB,
+	testRepo *testgit.TestRepo,
+	algo objectid.Algorithm,
+) objectstore.Quarantiner {
+	tb.Helper()
+
+	objectsRoot := testRepo.OpenObjectsRoot(tb)
+
+	err := objectsRoot.Mkdir("pack", 0o755)
+	if err != nil && !os.IsExist(err) {
+		tb.Fatalf("Mkdir(pack): %v", err)
+	}
+
+	packRoot, err := objectsRoot.OpenRoot("pack")
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("OpenRoot(pack): %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = packRoot.Close()
+	})
+
+	looseStore, err := objectloose.New(objectsRoot, algo)
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("loose.New: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = looseStore.Close()
+	})
+
+	packedStore, err := objectpacked.New(packRoot, algo, objectpacked.Options{WriteRev: true})
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("packed.New: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = packedStore.Close()
+	})
+
+	return objectdual.New(looseStore, packedStore)
+}
+
 type fileWriteFlusher struct {
 	*os.File
 }
diff --git a/network/receivepack/options.go b/network/receivepack/options.go
index 18d0e9b0..5806a26b 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/options.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/options.go
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package receivepack
 
 import (
-	"os"
-
 	commitgraphread "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/format/commitgraph/read"
 	objectid "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/id"
 	objectstore "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store"
@@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 // ReceivePack borrows all configured dependencies.
 //
 // Refs and ExistingObjects are required and must be non-nil.
-// ObjectsRoot is required if the invocation may need to ingest or promote a
+// ObjectIngress is required if the invocation may need to ingest or quarantine a
 // pack.
 type Options struct {
 	// GitProtocol is the raw Git protocol version string from the transport,
@@ -31,15 +29,12 @@ type Options struct {
 	// ExistingObjects is the object store visible to the push before any newly
 	// uploaded quarantined objects are promoted.
 	ExistingObjects objectstore.Reader
+	// ObjectIngress creates coordinated quarantines for quarantined object and
+	// pack ingestion during the push.
+	ObjectIngress objectstore.Quarantiner
 	// CommitGraph is an optional commit-graph snapshot corresponding to
 	// ExistingObjects.
 	CommitGraph *commitgraphread.Reader
-	// ObjectsRoot is the permanent object storage root beneath which per-push
-	// quarantine directories are derived.
-	ObjectsRoot *os.Root
-	// PromotedObjectPermissions, when non-nil, is applied to objects and
-	// directories moved from quarantine into the permanent object store.
-	PromotedObjectPermissions *PromotedObjectPermissions
 	// Hook, when non-nil, runs after pack ingestion into quarantine and before
 	// quarantine promotion or ref updates. Hook is borrowed for the duration of
 	// ReceivePack.
diff --git a/network/receivepack/permissions.go b/network/receivepack/permissions.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 1aaa5a0c..00000000
--- a/network/receivepack/permissions.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-package receivepack
-
-import (
-	"io/fs"
-
-	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/network/receivepack/service"
-)
-
-// PromotedObjectPermissions configures the destination permissions applied to
-// objects and directories promoted out of quarantine.
-type PromotedObjectPermissions struct {
-	DirMode  fs.FileMode
-	FileMode fs.FileMode
-}
-
-func translatePromotedObjectPermissions(
-	perms *PromotedObjectPermissions,
-) *service.PromotedObjectPermissions {
-	if perms == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return &service.PromotedObjectPermissions{
-		DirMode:  perms.DirMode,
-		FileMode: perms.FileMode,
-	}
-}
diff --git a/network/receivepack/receivepack.go b/network/receivepack/receivepack.go
index 1e6e6d5f..2a336cb1 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/receivepack.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/receivepack.go
@@ -108,13 +108,10 @@ func ReceivePack(
 		Algorithm:       opts.Algorithm,
 		Refs:            opts.Refs,
 		ExistingObjects: opts.ExistingObjects,
+		ObjectIngress:   opts.ObjectIngress,
 		CommitGraph:     opts.CommitGraph,
-		ObjectsRoot:     opts.ObjectsRoot,
 		Progress:        progress,
-		PromotedObjectPermissions: translatePromotedObjectPermissions(
-			opts.PromotedObjectPermissions,
-		),
-		Hook: translateHook(opts.Hook),
+		Hook:            translateHook(opts.Hook),
 		HookIO: service.HookIO{
 			Progress: progress,
 			Error:    protoSession.ErrorWriter(),
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/execute.go b/network/receivepack/service/execute.go
index 5b00dba5..08177873 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/service/execute.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/service/execute.go
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ package service
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"os"
 
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/internal/utils"
+	objectstore "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store"
 )
 
 // Execute validates one receive-pack request, optionally ingests its pack into
@@ -15,23 +15,17 @@ func (service *Service) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *Request) (*Result, err
 	result := &Result{
 		Commands: make([]CommandResult, 0, len(req.Commands)),
 	}
+	var err error
 
-	var (
-		quarantineName string
-		quarantineRoot *os.Root
-		err            error
-	)
-
-	quarantineName, quarantineRoot, ok := service.ingestQuarantine(result, req.Commands, req)
+	quarantine, ok := service.ingestQuarantine(result, req.Commands, req)
 	if !ok {
 		return result, nil
 	}
 
-	if quarantineRoot != nil {
-		defer func() {
-			_ = quarantineRoot.Close()
-			_ = service.opts.ObjectsRoot.RemoveAll(quarantineName)
-		}()
+	if quarantine != nil {
+		defer func(q objectstore.Quarantine) {
+			_ = q.Discard()
+		}(quarantine)
 	}
 
 	for _, command := range req.Commands {
@@ -51,7 +45,7 @@ func (service *Service) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *Request) (*Result, err
 		ctx,
 		req,
 		req.Commands,
-		quarantineName,
+		quarantine,
 	)
 	if !ok {
 		fillCommandErrors(result, req.Commands, errText)
@@ -79,12 +73,12 @@ func (service *Service) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *Request) (*Result, err
 		return result, nil
 	}
 
-	if req.PackExpected && quarantineRoot != nil {
+	if req.PackExpected && quarantine != nil {
 		// Git migrates quarantined objects into permanent storage immediately
 		// before starting ref updates.
 		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "promoting quarantine...\r")
 
-		err = service.promoteQuarantine(quarantineName, quarantineRoot)
+		err := quarantine.Promote()
 		if err != nil {
 			utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "promoting quarantine: failed: %v.\n", err)
 
@@ -94,6 +88,7 @@ func (service *Service) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *Request) (*Result, err
 			return result, nil
 		}
 
+		quarantine = nil
 		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "promoting quarantine: done.\n")
 	}
 
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/ingest_quarantine.go b/network/receivepack/service/ingest_quarantine.go
index 14083fe1..75f3a790 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/service/ingest_quarantine.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/service/ingest_quarantine.go
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 package service
 
 import (
-	"os"
-
-	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/format/packfile/ingest"
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/internal/utils"
+	objectstore "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store"
 )
 
 func (service *Service) ingestQuarantine(
 	result *Result,
 	commands []Command,
 	req *Request,
-) (string, *os.Root, bool) {
+) (objectstore.Quarantine, bool) {
 	if !req.PackExpected {
-		return "", nil, true
+		return nil, true
 	}
 
 	if req.Pack == nil {
@@ -22,16 +20,16 @@ func (service *Service) ingestQuarantine(
 		result.UnpackError = "missing pack stream"
 		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, "missing pack stream")
 
-		return "", nil, false
+		return nil, false
 	}
 
-	if service.opts.ObjectsRoot == nil {
-		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpack failed: objects root not configured.\n")
+	if service.opts.ObjectIngress == nil {
+		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpack failed: object ingress not configured.\n")
 
-		result.UnpackError = "objects root not configured"
-		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, "objects root not configured")
+		result.UnpackError = "object ingress not configured"
+		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, "object ingress not configured")
 
-		return "", nil, false
+		return nil, false
 	}
 
 	var err error
@@ -43,101 +41,41 @@ func (service *Service) ingestQuarantine(
 		result.UnpackError = err.Error()
 		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, err.Error())
 
-		return "", nil, false
-	}
-
-	pending, err := ingest.Ingest(
-		req.Pack,
-		service.opts.Algorithm,
-		ingest.Options{
-			FixThin:  true,
-			WriteRev: true,
-			Base:     service.opts.ExistingObjects,
-			Progress: service.opts.Progress,
-		},
-	)
-	if err != nil {
-		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpack failed: %v.\n", err)
-
-		result.UnpackError = err.Error()
-		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, err.Error())
-
-		return "", nil, false
-	}
-
-	if pending.Header().ObjectCount == 0 {
-		discarded, err := pending.Discard()
-		if err != nil {
-			utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpack failed: %v.\n", err)
-
-			result.UnpackError = err.Error()
-			fillCommandErrors(result, commands, err.Error())
-
-			return "", nil, false
-		}
-
-		result.Ingest = &ingest.Result{
-			PackHash:    discarded.PackHash,
-			ObjectCount: discarded.ObjectCount,
-		}
-
-		utils.BestEffortFprintf(
-			service.opts.Progress,
-			"unpacking: done (%d objects, %s).\n",
-			discarded.ObjectCount,
-			discarded.PackHash,
-		)
-
-		return "", nil, true
+		return nil, false
 	}
 
 	utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "creating quarantine...\r")
 
-	quarantineName, quarantineRoot, err := service.createQuarantineRoot()
-	if err != nil {
-		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpack failed: %v.\n", err)
-
-		result.UnpackError = err.Error()
-		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, err.Error())
-
-		return "", nil, false
-	}
-
-	quarantinePackRoot, err := service.openQuarantinePackRoot(quarantineRoot)
+	quarantine, err := service.opts.ObjectIngress.BeginQuarantine(objectstore.QuarantineOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpack failed: %v.\n", err)
 
 		result.UnpackError = err.Error()
 		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, err.Error())
 
-		_ = quarantineRoot.Close()
-		_ = service.opts.ObjectsRoot.RemoveAll(quarantineName)
-
-		return "", nil, false
+		return nil, false
 	}
 
 	utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "creating quarantine: done.\n")
 	utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpacking...\r")
 
-	ingested, err := pending.Continue(quarantinePackRoot)
-
-	_ = quarantinePackRoot.Close()
-
+	err = quarantine.WritePack(req.Pack, objectstore.PackWriteOptions{
+		ThinBase:           service.opts.ExistingObjects,
+		Progress:           service.opts.Progress,
+		RequireTrailingEOF: false,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpack failed: %v.\n", err)
 
 		result.UnpackError = err.Error()
 		fillCommandErrors(result, commands, err.Error())
 
-		_ = quarantineRoot.Close()
-		_ = service.opts.ObjectsRoot.RemoveAll(quarantineName)
+		_ = quarantine.Discard()
 
-		return "", nil, false
+		return nil, false
 	}
 
-	utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpacking: done (%d objects, %s).\n", ingested.ObjectCount, ingested.PackHash)
-
-	result.Ingest = &ingested
+	utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "unpacking: done.\n")
 
-	return quarantineName, quarantineRoot, true
+	return quarantine, true
 }
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/options.go b/network/receivepack/service/options.go
index 4d7b48c8..9e790bc0 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/service/options.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/service/options.go
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 package service
 
 import (
-	"io/fs"
-	"os"
-
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/common/iowrap"
 	commitgraphread "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/format/commitgraph/read"
 	objectid "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/id"
@@ -11,18 +8,14 @@ import (
 	refstore "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/ref/store"
 )
 
-type PromotedObjectPermissions struct {
-	DirMode  fs.FileMode
-	FileMode fs.FileMode
-}
-
 // Options configures one protocol-independent receive-pack service.
 //
 // Service borrows all configured dependencies.
 //
 // Refs and ExistingObjects are required and must be non-nil.
-// ObjectsRoot is required if Execute may need to ingest or promote a pack.
-// Progress, Hook, and HookIO are optional; when provided they are also
+// ObjectIngress is required if Execute may need to ingest or quarantine a
+// pack.
+// CommitGraph, Progress, Hook, and HookIO are optional; when provided they are also
 // borrowed for the duration of Execute.
 type Options struct {
 	Algorithm objectid.Algorithm
@@ -31,11 +24,10 @@ type Options struct {
 		refstore.TransactionalStore
 		refstore.BatchStore
 	}
-	ExistingObjects           objectstore.Reader
-	CommitGraph               *commitgraphread.Reader
-	ObjectsRoot               *os.Root
-	Progress                  iowrap.WriteFlusher
-	PromotedObjectPermissions *PromotedObjectPermissions
-	Hook                      Hook
-	HookIO                    HookIO
+	ExistingObjects objectstore.Reader
+	ObjectIngress   objectstore.Quarantiner
+	CommitGraph     *commitgraphread.Reader
+	Progress        iowrap.WriteFlusher
+	Hook            Hook
+	HookIO          HookIO
 }
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/quarantine.go b/network/receivepack/service/quarantine.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 0bd98aeb..00000000
--- a/network/receivepack/service/quarantine.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,274 +0,0 @@
-package service
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"crypto/rand"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"io/fs"
-	"os"
-	"path"
-	"slices"
-)
-
-// createQuarantineRoot creates one per-push quarantine directory beneath the
-// permanent objects root.
-//
-// It returns both the quarantine directory name relative to ObjectsRoot and an
-// opened root for that directory. Callers use the name for later promotion or
-// removal relative to ObjectsRoot, and use the opened root for capability-based
-// access within the quarantine itself.
-func (service *Service) createQuarantineRoot() (string, *os.Root, error) {
-	name := "tmp_objdir-incoming-" + rand.Text()
-
-	err := service.opts.ObjectsRoot.Mkdir(name, 0o700)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", nil, err
-	}
-
-	root, err := service.opts.ObjectsRoot.OpenRoot(name)
-	if err != nil {
-		_ = service.opts.ObjectsRoot.RemoveAll(name)
-
-		return "", nil, err
-	}
-
-	return name, root, nil
-}
-
-func (service *Service) openQuarantinePackRoot(quarantineRoot *os.Root) (*os.Root, error) {
-	err := quarantineRoot.Mkdir("pack", 0o755)
-	if err != nil && !os.IsExist(err) {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return quarantineRoot.OpenRoot("pack")
-}
-
-func (service *Service) promoteQuarantine(quarantineName string, quarantineRoot *os.Root) error {
-	if quarantineName == "" || quarantineRoot == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return service.promoteQuarantineDir(quarantineName, quarantineRoot, ".")
-}
-
-func (service *Service) promoteQuarantineDir(quarantineName string, quarantineRoot *os.Root, rel string) error {
-	entries, err := fs.ReadDir(quarantineRoot.FS(), rel)
-	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	slices.SortFunc(entries, func(left, right fs.DirEntry) int {
-		return packCopyPriority(left.Name()) - packCopyPriority(right.Name())
-	})
-
-	for _, entry := range entries {
-		childRel := entry.Name()
-		if rel != "." {
-			childRel = path.Join(rel, entry.Name())
-		}
-
-		if entry.IsDir() {
-			err = service.opts.ObjectsRoot.Mkdir(childRel, 0o755)
-			if err != nil && !os.IsExist(err) {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			err = service.applyPromotedDirectoryPermissions(childRel)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			err = service.promoteQuarantineDir(quarantineName, quarantineRoot, childRel)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			continue
-		}
-
-		err = finalizeQuarantineFile(
-			service.opts.ObjectsRoot,
-			path.Join(quarantineName, childRel),
-			childRel,
-			isLooseObjectShardPath(rel),
-			service.opts.PromotedObjectPermissions,
-		)
-		if err == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		return err
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func packCopyPriority(name string) int {
-	if !pathHasPackPrefix(name) {
-		return 0
-	}
-
-	switch {
-	case path.Ext(name) == ".keep":
-		return 1
-	case path.Ext(name) == ".pack":
-		return 2
-	case path.Ext(name) == ".rev":
-		return 3
-	case path.Ext(name) == ".idx":
-		return 4
-	default:
-		return 5
-	}
-}
-
-func pathHasPackPrefix(name string) bool {
-	return len(name) >= 4 && name[:4] == "pack"
-}
-
-func isLooseObjectShardPath(rel string) bool {
-	return len(rel) == 2 && isHex(rel[0]) && isHex(rel[1])
-}
-
-func isHex(ch byte) bool {
-	return ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') || ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'f') || ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'F')
-}
-
-func (service *Service) applyPromotedDirectoryPermissions(name string) error {
-	if service.opts.PromotedObjectPermissions == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return service.opts.ObjectsRoot.Chmod(name, service.opts.PromotedObjectPermissions.DirMode)
-}
-
-func applyPromotedFilePermissions(
-	root *os.Root,
-	name string,
-	perms *PromotedObjectPermissions,
-) error {
-	if perms == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return root.Chmod(name, perms.FileMode)
-}
-
-func finalizeQuarantineFile(
-	root *os.Root,
-	src, dst string,
-	skipCollisionCheck bool,
-	perms *PromotedObjectPermissions,
-) error {
-	const maxVanishedRetries = 5
-
-	for retries := 0; ; retries++ {
-		err := root.Link(src, dst)
-		switch {
-		case err == nil:
-			_ = root.Remove(src)
-
-			return applyPromotedFilePermissions(root, dst, perms)
-		case !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrExist):
-			_, statErr := root.Stat(dst)
-			switch {
-			case statErr == nil:
-				err = fs.ErrExist
-			case errors.Is(statErr, fs.ErrNotExist):
-				renameErr := root.Rename(src, dst)
-				if renameErr == nil {
-					return applyPromotedFilePermissions(root, dst, perms)
-				}
-
-				err = renameErr
-			default:
-				_ = root.Remove(src)
-
-				return statErr
-			}
-		}
-
-		if !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrExist) {
-			_ = root.Remove(src)
-
-			return fmt.Errorf("promote quarantine %q -> %q: %w", src, dst, err)
-		}
-
-		if skipCollisionCheck {
-			_ = root.Remove(src)
-
-			return applyPromotedFilePermissions(root, dst, perms)
-		}
-
-		equal, vanished, cmpErr := compareRootFiles(root, src, dst)
-		if vanished {
-			if retries >= maxVanishedRetries {
-				return fmt.Errorf("promote quarantine %q -> %q: destination repeatedly vanished", src, dst)
-			}
-
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if cmpErr != nil {
-			return cmpErr
-		}
-
-		if !equal {
-			return fmt.Errorf("promote quarantine %q -> %q: files differ in contents", src, dst)
-		}
-
-		_ = root.Remove(src)
-
-		return applyPromotedFilePermissions(root, dst, perms)
-	}
-}
-
-func compareRootFiles(root *os.Root, left, right string) (equal bool, vanished bool, err error) {
-	leftFile, err := root.Open(left)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, false, err
-	}
-
-	defer func() {
-		_ = leftFile.Close()
-	}()
-
-	rightFile, err := root.Open(right)
-	if err != nil {
-		if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
-			return false, true, nil
-		}
-
-		return false, false, err
-	}
-
-	defer func() {
-		_ = rightFile.Close()
-	}()
-
-	var leftBuf, rightBuf [4096]byte
-
-	for {
-		leftN, leftErr := leftFile.Read(leftBuf[:])
-		rightN, rightErr := rightFile.Read(rightBuf[:])
-
-		if leftErr != nil && !errors.Is(leftErr, io.EOF) {
-			return false, false, leftErr
-		}
-
-		if rightErr != nil && !errors.Is(rightErr, io.EOF) {
-			return false, false, rightErr
-		}
-
-		if leftN != rightN || !bytes.Equal(leftBuf[:leftN], rightBuf[:rightN]) {
-			return false, false, nil
-		}
-
-		if leftErr != nil || rightErr != nil {
-			return true, false, nil
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/quarantine_test.go b/network/receivepack/service/quarantine_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index e0389472..00000000
--- a/network/receivepack/service/quarantine_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-package service //nolint:testpackage
-
-// because we need access to quarantine internals
-
-import (
-	"os"
-	"path"
-	"testing"
-
-	objectid "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/id"
-	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/memory"
-)
-
-type quarantineFixture struct {
-	svc            *Service
-	objectsRoot    *os.Root
-	quarantineName string
-	quarantineRoot *os.Root
-}
-
-func newQuarantineFixture(tb testing.TB, opts Options) *quarantineFixture {
-	tb.Helper()
-
-	objectsRoot, err := os.OpenRoot(tb.TempDir())
-	if err != nil {
-		tb.Fatalf("os.OpenRoot: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	tb.Cleanup(func() {
-		_ = objectsRoot.Close()
-	})
-
-	opts.Algorithm = objectid.AlgorithmSHA1
-	opts.ExistingObjects = memory.New(objectid.AlgorithmSHA1)
-	opts.ObjectsRoot = objectsRoot
-
-	svc := New(opts)
-
-	quarantineName, quarantineRoot, err := svc.createQuarantineRoot()
-	if err != nil {
-		tb.Fatalf("createQuarantineRoot: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	tb.Cleanup(func() {
-		_ = quarantineRoot.Close()
-		_ = objectsRoot.RemoveAll(quarantineName)
-	})
-
-	return &quarantineFixture{
-		svc:            svc,
-		objectsRoot:    objectsRoot,
-		quarantineName: quarantineName,
-		quarantineRoot: quarantineRoot,
-	}
-}
-
-func writeMatchingPromotedFile(
-	tb testing.TB,
-	quarantineRoot, objectsRoot *os.Root,
-	dir, name, payload string,
-) {
-	tb.Helper()
-
-	err := quarantineRoot.Mkdir(dir, 0o755)
-	if err != nil {
-		tb.Fatalf("Mkdir(%s): %v", dir, err)
-	}
-
-	err = objectsRoot.Mkdir(dir, 0o755)
-	if err != nil {
-		tb.Fatalf("Mkdir(dst %s): %v", dir, err)
-	}
-
-	rel := path.Join(dir, name)
-
-	err = quarantineRoot.WriteFile(rel, []byte(payload), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		tb.Fatalf("WriteFile(quarantine %s): %v", rel, err)
-	}
-
-	err = objectsRoot.WriteFile(rel, []byte(payload), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		tb.Fatalf("WriteFile(permanent %s): %v", rel, err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestPromoteQuarantineAppliesConfiguredPermissions(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	fx := newQuarantineFixture(t, Options{
-		PromotedObjectPermissions: &PromotedObjectPermissions{
-			DirMode:  0o751,
-			FileMode: 0o640,
-		},
-	})
-
-	err := fx.quarantineRoot.Mkdir("ab", 0o700)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Mkdir(ab): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = fx.quarantineRoot.WriteFile(path.Join("ab", "cdef"), []byte("payload"), 0o600)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("WriteFile(quarantine loose): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = fx.svc.promoteQuarantine(fx.quarantineName, fx.quarantineRoot)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("promoteQuarantine: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	dirInfo, err := fx.objectsRoot.Stat("ab")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Stat(ab): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if got := dirInfo.Mode().Perm(); got != 0o751 {
-		t.Fatalf("dir mode = %o, want 751", got)
-	}
-
-	fileInfo, err := fx.objectsRoot.Stat(path.Join("ab", "cdef"))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Stat(ab/cdef): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if got := fileInfo.Mode().Perm(); got != 0o640 {
-		t.Fatalf("file mode = %o, want 640", got)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestPromoteQuarantineTreatsExistingLooseObjectAsSuccess(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	fx := newQuarantineFixture(t, Options{})
-	writeMatchingPromotedFile(t, fx.quarantineRoot, fx.objectsRoot, "ab", "cdef", "same object bytes")
-
-	err := fx.svc.promoteQuarantine(fx.quarantineName, fx.quarantineRoot)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("promoteQuarantine: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestPromoteQuarantineRejectsDifferentExistingPackFile(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	fx := newQuarantineFixture(t, Options{})
-
-	err := fx.quarantineRoot.Mkdir("pack", 0o755)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Mkdir(pack): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = fx.objectsRoot.Mkdir("pack", 0o755)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Mkdir(dst pack): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = fx.quarantineRoot.WriteFile(path.Join("pack", "pack-a.pack"), []byte("new bytes"), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("WriteFile(quarantine pack): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = fx.objectsRoot.WriteFile(path.Join("pack", "pack-a.pack"), []byte("old bytes"), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("WriteFile(permanent pack): %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = fx.svc.promoteQuarantine(fx.quarantineName, fx.quarantineRoot)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("promoteQuarantine unexpectedly succeeded")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestPromoteQuarantineAcceptsMatchingExistingPackFile(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	fx := newQuarantineFixture(t, Options{})
-	writeMatchingPromotedFile(t, fx.quarantineRoot, fx.objectsRoot, "pack", "pack-a.pack", "identical pack bytes")
-
-	err := fx.svc.promoteQuarantine(fx.quarantineName, fx.quarantineRoot)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("promoteQuarantine: %v", err)
-	}
-}
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/result.go b/network/receivepack/service/result.go
index c5ff3812..7a75be11 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/service/result.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/service/result.go
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 package service
 
-import (
-	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/format/packfile/ingest"
-)
-
 // Result is one receive-pack execution result.
 type Result struct {
 	UnpackError string
 	Commands    []CommandResult
-	Ingest      *ingest.Result
 	Planned     []PlannedUpdate
 	Applied     bool
 }
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/run_hook.go b/network/receivepack/service/run_hook.go
index c3b1a8c7..1943dfd7 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/service/run_hook.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/service/run_hook.go
@@ -2,20 +2,16 @@ package service
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"os"
 
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/internal/utils"
 	objectstore "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store"
-	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/loose"
-	objectmix "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/mix"
-	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/packed"
 )
 
 func (service *Service) runHook(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	req *Request,
 	commands []Command,
-	quarantineName string,
+	quarantinedObjects objectstore.Reader,
 ) (
 	allowedCommands []Command,
 	allowedIndices []int,
@@ -37,82 +33,6 @@ func (service *Service) runHook(
 
 	utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "running hooks...\r")
 
-	quarantinedObjects := service.opts.ExistingObjects
-
-	var (
-		quarantineObjectsStore objectstore.Reader
-		quarantineLooseStore   *loose.Store
-		quarantinePackedStore  *packed.Store
-		quarantineLooseRoot    *os.Root
-		quarantinePackRoot     *os.Root
-		err                    error
-	)
-
-	//nolint:nestif
-	if quarantineName != "" {
-		quarantineLooseRoot, err = service.opts.ObjectsRoot.OpenRoot(quarantineName)
-		if err != nil {
-			utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "running hooks: failed: %v.\n", err)
-
-			return nil, nil, nil, false, err.Error()
-		}
-
-		quarantineLooseStore, err = loose.New(quarantineLooseRoot, service.opts.Algorithm)
-		if err != nil {
-			_ = quarantineLooseRoot.Close()
-
-			utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "running hooks: failed: %v.\n", err)
-
-			return nil, nil, nil, false, err.Error()
-		}
-
-		quarantinedObjects = quarantineLooseStore
-
-		quarantinePackRoot, err = quarantineLooseRoot.OpenRoot("pack")
-		if err == nil {
-			var packedErr error
-
-			quarantinePackedStore, packedErr = packed.New(quarantinePackRoot, service.opts.Algorithm, packed.Options{})
-			if packedErr != nil {
-				_ = quarantineLooseStore.Close()
-				_ = quarantinePackRoot.Close()
-				_ = quarantineLooseRoot.Close()
-
-				utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "running hooks: failed: %v.\n", packedErr)
-
-				return nil, nil, nil, false, packedErr.Error()
-			}
-
-			quarantineObjectsStore = objectmix.New(quarantineLooseStore, quarantinePackedStore)
-			quarantinedObjects = quarantineObjectsStore
-		} else if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			_ = quarantineLooseStore.Close()
-			_ = quarantineLooseRoot.Close()
-
-			utils.BestEffortFprintf(service.opts.Progress, "running hooks: failed: %v.\n", err)
-
-			return nil, nil, nil, false, err.Error()
-		}
-
-		defer func() {
-			if quarantinePackedStore != nil {
-				_ = quarantinePackedStore.Close()
-			}
-
-			if quarantineLooseStore != nil {
-				_ = quarantineLooseStore.Close()
-			}
-
-			if quarantinePackRoot != nil {
-				_ = quarantinePackRoot.Close()
-			}
-
-			if quarantineLooseRoot != nil {
-				_ = quarantineLooseRoot.Close()
-			}
-		}()
-	}
-
 	decisions, err := service.opts.Hook(ctx, HookRequest{
 		Refs:               service.opts.Refs,
 		ExistingObjects:    service.opts.ExistingObjects,
diff --git a/network/receivepack/service/service_test.go b/network/receivepack/service/service_test.go
index ffb08ea4..50d02beb 100644
--- a/network/receivepack/service/service_test.go
+++ b/network/receivepack/service/service_test.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package service_test
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"io/fs"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -10,10 +9,14 @@ import (
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/internal/testgit"
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/network/receivepack/service"
 	objectid "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/id"
+	objectstore "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store"
+	objectdual "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/dual"
+	objectloose "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/loose"
 	"codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/memory"
+	objectpacked "codeberg.org/lindenii/furgit/object/store/packed"
 )
 
-func TestExecutePackExpectedWithoutObjectsRoot(t *testing.T) {
+func TestExecutePackExpectedWithoutObjectIngress(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	//nolint:thelper
@@ -39,13 +42,13 @@ func TestExecutePackExpectedWithoutObjectsRoot(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatalf("Execute: %v", err)
 		}
 
-		if result.UnpackError != "objects root not configured" {
+		if result.UnpackError != "object ingress not configured" {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected unpack error %q", result.UnpackError)
 		}
 	})
 }
 
-func TestExecuteRemovesDerivedQuarantineAfterIngestFailure(t *testing.T) {
+func TestExecuteDiscardedQuarantineAfterIngestFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	//nolint:thelper
@@ -53,21 +56,12 @@ func TestExecuteRemovesDerivedQuarantineAfterIngestFailure(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 
 		store := memory.New(algo)
-		objectsDir := t.TempDir()
-
-		objectsRoot, err := os.OpenRoot(objectsDir)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("os.OpenRoot: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		t.Cleanup(func() {
-			_ = objectsRoot.Close()
-		})
+		objectIngress := newDualIngress(t, algo)
 
 		svc := service.New(service.Options{
 			Algorithm:       algo,
 			ExistingObjects: store,
-			ObjectsRoot:     objectsRoot,
+			ObjectIngress:   objectIngress,
 		})
 
 		result, err := svc.Execute(context.Background(), &service.Request{
@@ -86,14 +80,52 @@ func TestExecuteRemovesDerivedQuarantineAfterIngestFailure(t *testing.T) {
 		if result.UnpackError == "" {
 			t.Fatal("Execute returned empty unpack error for invalid pack")
 		}
+	})
+}
 
-		entries, err := fs.ReadDir(objectsRoot.FS(), ".")
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("fs.ReadDir: %v", err)
-		}
+func newDualIngress(tb testing.TB, algo objectid.Algorithm) objectstore.Quarantiner {
+	tb.Helper()
 
-		if len(entries) != 0 {
-			t.Fatalf("objects root still has entries after failed ingest: %d", len(entries))
-		}
+	objectsRoot, err := os.OpenRoot(tb.TempDir())
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("os.OpenRoot: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = objectsRoot.Close()
 	})
+
+	err = objectsRoot.Mkdir("pack", 0o755)
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("Mkdir(pack): %v", err)
+	}
+
+	packRoot, err := objectsRoot.OpenRoot("pack")
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("OpenRoot(pack): %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = packRoot.Close()
+	})
+
+	looseStore, err := objectloose.New(objectsRoot, algo)
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("loose.New: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = looseStore.Close()
+	})
+
+	packedStore, err := objectpacked.New(packRoot, algo, objectpacked.Options{WriteRev: true})
+	if err != nil {
+		tb.Fatalf("packed.New: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tb.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = packedStore.Close()
+	})
+
+	return objectdual.New(looseStore, packedStore)
 }